Nosebleeds can be classed as Anterior or Posterior.

Anterior nosebleeds, the bleeding comes from the wall between the two nostrils. This part of the nose contains many delicate blood vessels. Anterior nosebleeds are easily treated at home.1

Posterior nosebleeds originate further back and higher up the nose in an area where artery branches supply blood to the nose; this is why the bleeding is heavier. Posterior nosebleeds are often more serious than anterior nosebleeds and may require medical attention and are more common in adults.1

What causes nosebleeds?

Minor nosebleeds can be caused by many things and can impact people of all ages from very young children to the elderly.
Nosebleeds can be dramatic and frightening, especially for young children . Fortunately most nosebleeds are not serious and can be easily managed at home.

Most often, minor nosebleeds are caused by trauma or an injury to the nose. Trauma to the outside of the nose, from a blow to the face (during a sports activity), or trauma to the inside of the nose (from rubbing and picking) can both often initiate
a nosebleed.

Nosebleeds can also be caused by:

  • Nasal inflammation caused by allergies.
  • The side effects of certain medications -
    e.g. nasally administered allergy or steroid medicines.
  • Excessive nasal dryness.
  • Frequent, hard blowing of the nose causing nasal trauma.

Less commonly, an underlying disease process can be the cause of recurring nosebleeds. If you experience repeated, frequent nosebleeds or are taking blood-thinning medications, please consult a healthcare professional.

The two most common causes of nosebleeds are:2

Dry air — when your nasal membranes dry out, they're more susceptible to bleeding and infections
Nose picking
Other causes of nosebleeds include:Less common causes of nosebleeds include:
Acute sinusitis (sinus infection)Alcohol use
AllergiesHereditary haemorrhagic telangiectasia
Bleeding disorders, such as haemophiliaImmune thrombocytopenia (ITP)
Blood thinners (anticoagulants)Leukaemia
Chemical irritants, such as ammoniaNasal and paranasal tumours
Chronic sinusitisNasal polyps
Cocaine useNasal surgery
Common coldPregnancy
Deviated septum
Foreign body in the nose
Rhinitis Sicca: Chronic dry nose caused by certain medications i.e. treatment of acne, nasally administered allergy or steroid medicines3
Nonallergic rhinitis (chronic congestion or sneezing not related to allergies)
Trauma to the nose

What is Nozohaem?

Nozohaem® is a transparent nasal gel that stops nosebleeds. The gel exerts gentle pressure to the bleeding vessel in the nose and hence stops the bleeding.

Contents:

  • Nozohaem® contains glycine and calcium.
  • Other ingredients: Citric acid monohydrate, glycerol, hydroxyethylcellulose and purified water.
  • Contains preservatives: Methyl parahydroxy benzoate and potassium sorbate.
  • Easy-to-use, a self-administered gel that stops nosebleeds
  • Can be used by adults and children from 2 years of age
  • Be prepared, keep it handy. A must for every first aid kit!

Directions for use

Blow your nose gently to remove any blood.
Insert the tip of the tube about 1 - 1,5 cm into the nostril, and gently press the tube to release the gel into your nose.
At the same time hold the thumb and index finger of your other hand over the wing of your nose
to fix the tip of the nozzle in place.
If the nosebleed is located at the front (anterior) of your nose, one tube is sufficient. If the nosebleed is located further back (posterior) in your nose, two tubes, or in exceptional cases three tubes, will be needed.
The gel should be left in your nose for about half an hour.
You can wipe away any gel that runs onto your upper lip with a tissue or piece of cotton wool.
The gel will be transported backwards by the nasal cilia and you can then swallow it. This is completely harmless. If there is any gel left in your nose you can gently blow it out.
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